martes, 8 de enero de 2013

Reported Speech - Practice



Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
Exercise 7
Exercise 8
Exercise 9
Exercise 10
TEST

Prueba HARDWORK

HARD WORK
Many women from Saudi Arabia are annoyed that occidental observers often criticize the inadequacies of their country and concentrate on questions of sexual segregation, but can't see the real problems that women themselves consider far more frustrating, such as the veiling or the prohibition against their driving.
Gihan Ramadan, in a commentary published by the daily Arab News, said Saudi women were more worried about finding good work in a hard jobs market than about wearing a veil. She then criticized the barriers that prevent Saudi women from putting their education and energy to work. Only six per cent of women are categorized as workers, many in the fields of teaching, nursing, medicine, or charity work. Although many women do really need to work, there are also many restrictions on their participation in various professions.
Many people say tradition and culture, not Islam, maintain these restrictions, and that religion really supports women's rights both at home and at work. Muslims say their sacred book, the Koran, established women economic and social rights long before occidental women got them. Islam, they say, assures women's own control of their family possessions and gives them property rights.

(A) COMPREHENSION (4 points)
a) ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS.
1. Why does Gihan Ramadan criticize occidental observers? (1 point per answer)
2. What is, according to the text, the main aspiration of Saudi women?
b) ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT. (0.5 points per answer)
3. According to the text, sexual segregation is the most frustrating problem for Saudi women.
4. Saudi women are more worried about wearing a veil than working.
5. Saudi women cannot enter every professional field.
6. According to many people´s opinion, restrictions affecting Saudi women are encouraged by religion.


(B) USE OF ENGLISH (3 points)
7. Find in the text the word that has the following definition: (0.25 points)
"That must be treated with respect because it is important in a religion " (adjective)
8. Give one opposite for ANNOYED (adjective) (line 1). (0.25 points)
9. Complete the series with another word of the same semantic field: (0.25 points)
TEACHER, DOCTOR, ENGINEER, …
10. Give and adjective with the same root as EDUCATION (noun) (line 6): (0.25 points)
11. Turn the following sentence into reported speech: (0.5 points)
Gihan exclaimed: "We have had too many prohibitions."
12. Complete the following sentence: (0.5 points)
If Saudi women had less restrictions…
13. Join the following sentences using a relative pronoun. Make changes if necessary:(0.5 points)
Occidental observers are against the veiling of women in Arabia. The veiling is an example of sexual segregation.
14. Give a question for the underlined words: (0.5 points)
Only six per cent of women work as teachers.


(C) PRODUCTION (3 points)
15. WRITE A COMPOSITION (80-100 WORDS). CHOOSE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS. SPECIFY YOUR OPTION.
a) Equal opportunities for men and women at work.
b) What is your favourite profession? Give reasons.

PRUEBA 2001


UNIVERSIDAD DE ANDALUCÍA

Ejemplo Prueba de acceso tipo Bachillerato, modelo año 2001
An Activity prepared by Francisco Jose Diaz Chicano
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rather uncommon spongiform encephalopathy which affects humans. It is a slowly progressive and ultimately fatal neurological disease. Unfortunately a small number of recent cases seem to have been caused by eating beef infected with BSE. This is the case of Karen Beavon who started complaining of a bad back but soon became confused and disoriented.
At first the doctors did not agree about the origin of her malady. Some guessed it was a psychological disorder or a side-effect of antidepressants. However some weird patterns of behaviour shocked the doctors. For example she tried to get into bed via the wardrobe, she became hypersensitive to touch and found any form of contact painful and she could hardly walk unaided. It took six months for the doctors to find out that Karen was suffering from the new variant CJD. They were quite certain but they suggested a brain biopsy to be totally sure. Karen’s family refused to cause her more stress and they could only witness the last stage of the illness. Even though there were moments where she showed lucidity she began to deteriorate rapidly. She became blind, deaf and incontinent and she lost the ability to speak.

COMPREHENSION (4 points)
ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN 1N THE TEXT USE YOUR OWN WORDS
1. Why did some doctors believe that Karen’s illness was not a usual back ache ?
2. Why didn’t her family want to make a final check about the disease that she suffered ?
ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE 0R FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH WORDS 0R PHRASES FROM THE TEXT
3. Karen suffered from BSE.
4. She became insensitive to pain.
5. Karen died lucidly.
6. The doctors needed six months to find out her illness because it is unusual.

USE 0F ENGLISH (3 points)
7. Change from active to passive.
The doctors could not find out her illness at first.
8. Change from passive to active.
A diary was being kept by her husband during her illness.
9.Complete the following conditional.
Doctors (not save) her life if they (discover) her illness before.
10. Find a question for the following answer:
It took 6 months to find her disease.
11. Find a synonym of period (n.) in the text.
12 Find the word which best fits the following definition:
"To express feelings of annoyance, dissatisfaction or unhappiness" (verb)
13. Write one more word with the same root:
Agree, disagree,.......
14. Find the odd word out:
Blind, stress, deaf, disoriented

PRODUCTION (3 points)
(15) Write a composition (80-100 WORDS). Choose ONE of the following options. Specify your option
  1. Tell the consequences of the last food scandals and animal diseases.
  2. How can we cope with pain

REPORTED SPEECH - TEORÍA

El Estilo indirecto o Reported speech es una estructura que se emplea cuando queremos decir o hacer mención sobre algo que alguien ha dicho previamente.

Direct speech
(estilo directo)
Reported speech
(estilo indirecto)
"I always drink coffee". She said.
She said that she always drank coffee.
"Yo siempre bebo café." Ella dijo.
Ella dijo que ella siempre bebía café.


Para hacer mención sobre lo que alguien ha dicho usamos verbos como explain, promise, say, tell, suggest... Aunque los más utilizados son say y tell.
No es necesario cambiar el tiempo del verbo si el verbo de la oración principal está en presente. En el ejemplo anterior podríamos decir: She said that she always drink coffee.
Para introducir lo que ha dicho, usamos that aunque muchas veces se puede omitir esta palabra.
Al convertir una oración de "Direct Speech" a "Reported Speech" tenemos en cuenta que el verbo principal retrocede un tiempo verbal.

Tabla de cambios que sufre el verbo:

Direct speech
Reported speech
present simple
I am happy
I sleep
past simple
He said he was happy
He said he slept
present continuos
I am feeling happy
I am sleeping
past continuos
He said he was feeling happy
He said he was sleeping
past simple
I was happy
I slept
past perfect
He said he had been happy
He said he had slept
present perfect
I have been happy
I have slept
past perfect
He said he had been happy
He said he had slept
present perfect continuos
I have been feeling happy
I have been sleeping
past perfect continuos
He said he had been feeling happy
He said he had been sleeping
future
I will be happy
I will sleep
simple conditional
He said he would be happy
He said he would sleep
future perfect
I will have been happy
I will have sleep
simple conditional perfect
He said he would have been happy
He said he would have slept
Verbos modales
Direct speech
Reported speech
CAN
I can sleep
COULD
He said he could sleep
MAY
I may sleep
MIGHT
He said he might sleep
WILL
I will sleep
WOULD
He said he would sleep
MUST
I must sleep
HAD TO
He said he had to sleep
Cambios que pueden sufrir algunas partículas de lugar y tiempo:
now at that moment, then
tonight that night
today that day
last night the night before
this morning that morning
this week that week
next week the following week
next year the year after
here there
Reported Speech: questions
En las oraciones interrogativas usamos el mismo orden gramatical: el sujeto va después del verbo pero no es necesario usar el auxiliar "do" o "did".
Direct speech
Reported speech
"Where do Susan and Ann work? "
He asked me where Susan and Ann worked.
"¿Dónde trabajan Susan y Ann?"
Él me preguntó dónde trabajaban Mary y Tom.