Relative Clauses

• Exercise 1: Choose the right option.
• Exercise 2: Write the correct option.
• Exercise 3: Choose the right option.
• Exercise 4: Complete with the most appropriate pronoun.
• Exercise 5: Complete using a relative pronoun.
• Exercise 6: Complete with a relative pronoun.
• Exercise 7: Complete with a relative pronoun.
• Exercise 8: Choose the right option.
• Exercise 9: Choose the right option.
• Exercise 10: Select the correct relative.
• Exercise 11: Write relative sentences.
• Exercise 12: Choose the right option.

Conditional Sentences Practice

Exercise 1: Complete these sentences. Use the right verb tense.
Exercise 2: Complete these sentences using first, second or third conditional.
Exercise 3: Read the sentences and choose the best option from the menu.
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer.
Exercise 5: Choose the right verb form.
Exercise 6: Choose the best option.
Exercise 7: Read these situations and choose the best option.
Exercise 8: Write the verb in the correct form.
Exercise 9: Choose the best option.
Exercise 10: Complete the sentences using the conditional structure.
Exercise 11: Complete the sentences using the conditional structure.

Reported Speech - Practice

Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
Exercise 7
Exercise 8
Exercise 9
Exercise 10
TEST

Prueba HARDWORK

HARD WORK

Many women from Saudi Arabia are annoyed that occidental observers often criticize the inadequacies of their country and concentrate on questions of sexual segregation, but can't see the real problems that women themselves consider far more frustrating, such as the veiling or the prohibition against their driving.
Gihan Ramadan, in a commentary published by the daily Arab News, said Saudi women were more worried about finding good work in a hard jobs market than about wearing a veil. She then criticized the barriers that prevent Saudi women from putting their education and energy to work. Only six per cent of women are categorized as workers, many in the fields of teaching, nursing, medicine, or charity work. Although many women do really need to work, there are also many restrictions on their participation in various professions.
Many people say tradition and culture, not Islam, maintain these restrictions, and that religion really supports women's rights both at home and at work. Muslims say their sacred book, the Koran, established women economic and social rights long before occidental women got them. Islam, they say, assures women's own control of their family possessions and gives them property rights.

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(A) COMPREHENSION (4 points)

a) ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS.
1. Why does Gihan Ramadan criticize occidental observers? (1 point per answer)
2. What is, according to the text, the main aspiration of Saudi women?
b) ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT. (0.5 points per answer)
3. According to the text, sexual segregation is the most frustrating problem for Saudi women.
4. Saudi women are more worried about wearing a veil than working.
5. Saudi women cannot enter every professional field.
6. According to many people´s opinion, restrictions affecting Saudi women are encouraged by religion.

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(B) USE OF ENGLISH (3 points)

7. Find in the text the word that has the following definition: (0.25 points)
"That must be treated with respect because it is important in a religion " (adjective)
8. Give one opposite for ANNOYED (adjective) (line 1). (0.25 points)
9. Complete the series with another word of the same semantic field: (0.25 points)
TEACHER, DOCTOR, ENGINEER, …
10. Give and adjective with the same root as EDUCATION (noun) (line 6): (0.25 points)
11. Turn the following sentence into reported speech: (0.5 points)
Gihan exclaimed: "We have had too many prohibitions."
12. Complete the following sentence: (0.5 points)
If Saudi women had less restrictions…
13. Join the following sentences using a relative pronoun. Make changes if necessary:(0.5 points)
Occidental observers are against the veiling of women in Arabia. The veiling is an example of sexual segregation.
14. Give a question for the underlined words: (0.5 points)
Only six per cent of women work as teachers.

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(C) PRODUCTION (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION (80-100 WORDS). CHOOSE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS. SPECIFY YOUR OPTION.
a) Equal opportunities for men and women at work.
b) What is your favourite profession? Give reasons.

PRUEBA 2001

UNIVERSIDAD DE ANDALUCÍA

Ejemplo Prueba de acceso tipo Bachillerato, modelo año 2001

An Activity prepared by Francisco Jose Diaz Chicano

CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rather uncommon spongiform encephalopathy which affects humans. It is a slowly progressive and ultimately fatal neurological disease. Unfortunately a small number of recent cases seem to have been caused by eating beef infected with BSE. This is the case of Karen Beavon who started complaining of a bad back but soon became confused and disoriented.

At first the doctors did not agree about the origin of her malady. Some guessed it was a psychological disorder or a side-effect of antidepressants. However some weird patterns of behaviour shocked the doctors. For example she tried to get into bed via the wardrobe, she became hypersensitive to touch and found any form of contact painful and she could hardly walk unaided. It took six months for the doctors to find out that Karen was suffering from the new variant CJD. They were quite certain but they suggested a brain biopsy to be totally sure. Karen’s family refused to cause her more stress and they could only witness the last stage of the illness. Even though there were moments where she showed lucidity she began to deteriorate rapidly. She became blind, deaf and incontinent and she lost the ability to speak.

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COMPREHENSION (4 points)

ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN 1N THE TEXT USE YOUR OWN WORDS

1. Why did some doctors believe that Karen’s illness was not a usual back ache ?
2. Why didn’t her family want to make a final check about the disease that she suffered ?

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE 0R FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH WORDS 0R PHRASES FROM THE TEXT

3. Karen suffered from BSE.
4. She became insensitive to pain.
5. Karen died lucidly.
6. The doctors needed six months to find out her illness because it is unusual.

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USE 0F ENGLISH (3 points)

7. Change from active to passive.
The doctors could not find out her illness at first.
8. Change from passive to active.
A diary was being kept by her husband during her illness.
9.Complete the following conditional.
Doctors (not save) her life if they (discover) her illness before.
10. Find a question for the following answer:
It took 6 months to find her disease.
11. Find a synonym of period (n.) in the text.
12 Find the word which best fits the following definition:
"To express feelings of annoyance, dissatisfaction or unhappiness" (verb)
13. Write one more word with the same root:
Agree, disagree,.......
14. Find the odd word out:
Blind, stress, deaf, disoriented

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PRODUCTION (3 points)

(15) Write a composition (80-100 WORDS). Choose ONE of the following options. Specify your option

1. Tell the consequences of the last food scandals and animal diseases.
2. How can we cope with pain

REPORTED SPEECH - TEORÍA

El Estilo indirecto o Reported speech es una estructura que se emplea cuando queremos decir o hacer mención sobre algo que alguien ha dicho previamente.

Direct speech (estilo directo)	Reported speech (estilo indirecto)
"I always drink coffee". She said.	She said that she always drank coffee.
"Yo siempre bebo café." Ella dijo.	Ella dijo que ella siempre bebía café.

Para hacer mención sobre lo que alguien ha dicho usamos verbos como explain, promise, say, tell, suggest... Aunque los más utilizados son say y tell.
No es necesario cambiar el tiempo del verbo si el verbo de la oración principal está en presente. En el ejemplo anterior podríamos decir: She said that she always drink coffee.
Para introducir lo que ha dicho, usamos that aunque muchas veces se puede omitir esta palabra.
Al convertir una oración de "Direct Speech" a "Reported Speech" tenemos en cuenta que el verbo principal retrocede un tiempo verbal.

Tabla de cambios que sufre el verbo:

Direct speech		Reported speech
present simple I am happy I sleep		past simple He said he was happy He said he slept
present continuos I am feeling happy I am sleeping		past continuos He said he was feeling happy He said he was sleeping
past simple I was happy I slept		past perfect He said he had been happy He said he had slept
present perfect I have been happy I have slept		past perfect He said he had been happy He said he had slept
present perfect continuos I have been feeling happy I have been sleeping		past perfect continuos He said he had been feeling happy He said he had been sleeping
future I will be happy I will sleep		simple conditional He said he would be happy He said he would sleep
future perfect I will have been happy I will have sleep		simple conditional perfect He said he would have been happy He said he would have slept

Verbos modales

Direct speech		Reported speech
CAN I can sleep		COULD He said he could sleep
MAY I may sleep		MIGHT He said he might sleep
WILL I will sleep		WOULD He said he would sleep
MUST I must sleep		HAD TO He said he had to sleep

Cambios que pueden sufrir algunas partículas de lugar y tiempo:

now		at that moment, then
tonight		that night
today		that day
last night		the night before
this morning		that morning
this week		that week
next week		the following week
next year		the year after
here		there

Reported Speech: questions
En las oraciones interrogativas usamos el mismo orden gramatical: el sujeto va después del verbo pero no es necesario usar el auxiliar "do" o "did".

Direct speech	Reported speech
"Where do Susan and Ann work? "	He asked me where Susan and Ann worked.
"¿Dónde trabajan Susan y Ann?"	Él me preguntó dónde trabajaban Mary y Tom.

PASSIVE VOICE - TEORÍA

LA VOZ PASIVA EN INGLÉS

En la voz activa la acción del verbo recae sobre el sujeto mientras que en la voz pasiva la acción del verbo recae sobre el objeto. En inglés se usa más que en español y se suele usar cuando no es importante quién realiza una acción sino la acción en sí. Sólo usamos la voz pasiva con verbos transitivos, es decir, que llevan complemento directo.

Observa estos ejemplos:

Voz activa: 
Tom has just bought a new car. 

Voz Pasiva:
A new car has just been bought by Tom. 

(En este caso interesa que "un nuevo auto es comprado" sin darle importancia a quién los compra) 

Para transformar una oración activa a pasiva tenemos en cuenta los siguientes puntos:

1. 1.       El objeto de la oración activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la pasiva.
2. 2.       El verbo principal se sustituye por el auxiliar "to be", en su mismo tiempo, junto al verbo principal en participio.
3. 3.       El sujeto de la oración principal pasa a ser complemento agente de la pasiva.
4. 4.       Si hacemos mención en la oración del sujeto que realiza la acción (sujeto agente), este irá normalmente introducido por la preposición "by".